Chapter 1 · Safety Precautions — Aircraft and Workshop
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| Why can equipment remain hazardous after its main switch is turned off? | Stored energy or another power source may remain | 7.1 |
| What is the main purpose of securing a gas cylinder? | Prevent falling and damage to its valve | 7.1 |
| Why must oil and grease be excluded from oxygen equipment? | They can ignite violently in oxygen-rich conditions | 7.1 |
| Which document guides chemical handling and protective-equipment selection? | The safety data sheet | 7.1 |
| What must be checked before choosing an extinguisher by its class letter? | The applicable classification system and actual hazard | 7.1 |
| What is the purpose of a foreign-object check before an engine run? | Remove loose items that could be ingested or cause damage | 7.1 |
Chapter 2 · Workshop Practices
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What should happen to a damaged tool? | Remove it from service and report it | 7.2 |
| Why are tools accounted for before closing an aircraft panel? | A retained tool can create a hidden aircraft hazard | 7.2 |
| Which check is necessary before using a controlled sealant? | Specification, shelf life and storage condition | 7.2 |
| What is the total tolerance of 20.00 ± 0.03 mm? | 0.06 mm | 7.2 |
| What does dimensional compliance alone fail to establish? | That surface condition and assembly workmanship are acceptable | 7.2 |
| What does calibration principally establish? | The relationship between an instrument's indication and a reference | 7.2 |
Chapter 3 · Tools and Precision Measurement
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| Why must a screwdriver match the recess type? | A mismatched profile can slip and damage the screw | 7.3 |
| What is a reamer normally used for? | Finishing a prepared hole accurately | 7.3 |
| What does an in-line crowfoot extension generally require? | A torque setting correction for effective length | 7.3 |
| What is the purpose of a micrometer ratchet? | Apply consistent measuring force | 7.3 |
| What does a go/no-go gauge establish? | Whether the checked feature meets specified size limits | 7.3 |
| How is shaft ovality best detected? | Measure diameters at different angular positions | 7.3 |
| Why is a lubrication fitting cleaned before servicing? | Prevent contamination entering with the lubricant | 7.3 |
| How is a voltmeter normally connected? | In parallel across the points being measured | 7.3 |
Chapter 4 · Avionic General Test Equipment
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What is the proper role of a BITE fault message? | Evidence to be interpreted with the fault-isolation procedure | 7.4 |
| What should happen before clearing fault memory? | Record the relevant diagnostic information | 7.4 |
| Why may a bench-tested LRU still show an installed fault? | Aircraft wiring, power or interfaces may be faulty | 7.4 |
| What does the horizontal oscilloscope scale normally represent? | Time per division | 7.4 |
| Which combination must be checked for a generator-based test? | Frequency, level and connection conditions | 7.4 |
| What completes fault rectification beyond changing a component? | Required verification, restoration and maintenance records | 7.4 |
Chapter 5 · Engineering Drawings, Diagrams and Standards
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| Which drawing primarily shows how several parts relate to each other? | An assembly drawing | 7.5 |
| What should be checked before working from a drawing? | Revision, applicability, units and notes | 7.5 |
| How should the projection convention be identified? | From the drawing's projection symbol and standard | 7.5 |
| What governs a part size on a drawing? | The stated dimension and tolerance | 7.5 |
| Which ATA chapter concerns flight controls? | 27 | 7.5 |
| Which document is most useful for installed connector and wire identification? | A wiring diagram | 7.5 |
Chapter 6 · Fits and Clearances
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What determines the acceptable bolt-hole size? | The applicable drawing or approved maintenance data | 7.6 |
| Which fit may result in either clearance or interference? | A transition fit | 7.6 |
| How is maximum clearance calculated? | Largest hole minus smallest shaft | 7.6 |
| What is total indicated runout? | The difference between maximum and minimum indicator readings | 7.6 |
| What measurement pattern detects taper? | Diameters at different positions along the axis | 7.6 |
| Why should a bearing not be installed by loading through its rolling elements? | Installation load can damage the raceways and rolling elements | 7.6 |
Chapter 7 · Electrical Wiring Interconnection System — EWIS
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| Which test checks unwanted leakage through insulation? | Insulation resistance testing | 7.7 |
| What establishes whether a damaged wire may remain in service? | The applicable inspection and damage limits | 7.7 |
| What must match for a satisfactory crimp? | Wire, terminal, die and tool setup | 7.7 |
| Why is the correct contact-removal tool necessary? | It releases retention without damaging the contact or cavity | 7.7 |
| Why may a coaxial cable pass continuity but fail a signal test? | Its impedance or shielding may be disturbed | 7.7 |
| Why is wiring cleaned during nearby metalworking? | Conductive debris can damage insulation or create shorts | 7.7 |
Chapter 8 · Riveting
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What governs rivet selection in a structural repair? | The approved repair specification | 7.8 |
| How is rivet edge distance measured? | From rivet centre to the sheet edge | 7.8 |
| What is the purpose of a Cleco fastener? | Temporary alignment and holding during assembly | 7.8 |
| Why is dimpling often used in thin sheet? | It forms a recess without removing as much material | 7.8 |
| What does rivet grip refer to? | The thickness of material being joined | 7.8 |
| Why must rivet removal avoid enlarging the hole? | The original joint limits and load transfer may be lost | 7.8 |
Chapter 9 · Pipes and Hoses
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What is commonly used to state rigid tubing size? | Outside diameter and wall thickness | 7.9 |
| Why are 37-degree and 45-degree flares not interchangeable? | Their mating surfaces have different angles | 7.9 |
| What is indicated by a line that must be forced into its fittings? | Possible misalignment or incorrect fabrication | 7.9 |
| What does twisting a hose during installation threaten? | The liner, reinforcement and service life | 7.9 |
| Which hose defect requires assessment under the maintenance limits? | Blistering, exposed reinforcement or leakage | 7.9 |
| Why must a hydraulic leak not be checked by hand? | A high-pressure jet can inject fluid through skin | 7.9 |
Chapter 10 · Springs
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What loading does a torsion spring primarily resist? | Angular displacement | 7.10 |
| Why can corrosion be serious on a spring? | It can reduce section and initiate fatigue cracks | 7.10 |
| What is permanent set? | A lasting deformation after removal of load | 7.10 |
| For an ideal linear spring, what is spring rate? | Change in force divided by change in deflection | 7.10 |
| What must be controlled before removing a spring retainer? | Stored mechanical energy and the release path | 7.10 |
| What should be verified after spring replacement? | Correct seating, retention and mechanism operation | 7.10 |
Chapter 11 · Bearings
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What is an axial bearing load? | A load acting along the shaft axis | 7.11 |
| Why should bearings not be spun with compressed air? | Uncontrolled dry rotation can damage them and create hazards | 7.11 |
| What is bearing spalling? | Flaking or breaking away of surface material | 7.11 |
| Why can overgreasing be harmful? | Churning can generate heat and damage seals | 7.11 |
| Where should fitting force be applied for a bearing pressed onto a shaft? | To the inner ring with the interference fit | 7.11 |
| Why investigate the cause of bearing damage? | A replacement may fail again if the underlying cause remains | 7.11 |
Chapter 12 · Transmissions
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What must be considered beyond tooth count when matching gears? | Tooth geometry and the required specification | 7.12 |
| What is gear backlash? | Clearance between mating tooth flanks | 7.12 |
| What can excessive belt tension cause? | Excess bearing loads and reduced life | 7.12 |
| What commonly causes service chain elongation? | Wear at pins and bushes | 7.12 |
| What does a screw jack convert? | Rotary input into linear movement | 7.12 |
| Why check a linkage throughout its full travel? | To detect interference, binding and incorrect geometry | 7.12 |
Chapter 13 · Control Cables
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What does cable construction influence? | Flexibility and mechanical behaviour | 7.13 |
| What is swaging intended to create? | A controlled mechanical grip of a terminal on the cable | 7.13 |
| Where is detailed control-cable inspection especially important? | At pulley zones, fairleads and terminal exits | 7.13 |
| Why is a temperature-tension chart used? | Cable and structure dimensional changes alter tension | 7.13 |
| What must be verified before locking a turnbuckle? | Thread engagement, adjustment and cable condition | 7.13 |
| Why must a Bowden cable's outer casing be secured? | It provides the reaction path for inner-cable movement | 7.13 |
Chapter 14 · Material Handling — Sheet Metal and Composites
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| Why can deep scribe marks be unacceptable on stressed metal? | They may act as fatigue stress concentrations | 7.14.1 |
| Which expression represents bend allowance using a K factor? | Angle in radians × (inside radius + K × thickness) | 7.14.1 |
| What is springback? | Elastic recovery after forming load is removed | 7.14.1 |
| Why is ply orientation controlled in a composite repair? | It determines directional load carrying and stiffness | 7.14.2 |
| What is necessary for a controlled bonded repair? | Specified preparation, materials and monitored cure conditions | 7.14.2 |
| Why is visual inspection alone sometimes insufficient for composites? | Internal delamination or disbond may not be visible | 7.14.2 |
Chapter 15 · Welding, Brazing, Soldering and Bonding
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| Which process normally melts the base material locally? | Welding | 7.15 |
| What produces a properly wetted solder joint? | Heating prepared surfaces so solder flows onto them | 7.15 |
| What is solder bridging? | An unintended solder connection between separate conductors | 7.15 |
| Which process uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode? | TIG | 7.15 |
| What is lack of fusion in a weld? | Failure of joined surfaces or filler to fuse where required | 7.15 |
| Why are bond preparation and cure records important? | Critical bond quality depends on controlled process conditions | 7.15 |
Chapter 16 · Aircraft Weight and Balance
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| Why is total aircraft mass alone insufficient for loading acceptance? | Centre of gravity must also be within its limits | 7.16a |
| How is a mass moment calculated? | Mass multiplied by signed arm | 7.16a |
| What is the correct CG formula? | Total moment divided by total mass | 7.16a |
| What is tare in aircraft weighing? | Mass of support items to be excluded from the aircraft result | 7.16b |
| What must be updated when equipment is removed? | Both total mass and total moment | 7.16a |
| What changes when a load is moved within the aircraft? | Total moment, while total mass remains constant | 7.16a |
Chapter 17 · Aircraft Handling and Storage
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What controls the engine-start sequence for a particular aircraft? | Its approved checklist and maintenance procedure | 7.17 |
| What should happen if towing communication is lost? | Stop and re-establish safe coordination | 7.17 |
| Why are aircraft mass and CG relevant to jacking? | They affect stability and loads at the supports | 7.17 |
| What is required before returning a stored aircraft to service? | The specified depreservation and verification tasks | 7.17 |
| What is the purpose of bonding during fuel transfer? | Reduce potential differences that can produce sparks | 7.17 |
| How does anti-icing differ from de-icing? | Anti-icing limits new accumulation; de-icing removes existing deposits | 7.17 |
| What is essential before applying a ground hydraulic supply? | Compatible fluid/pressure and a safe coordinated aircraft configuration | 7.17 |
Chapter 18 · Disassembly, Inspection, Repair and Assembly Techniques
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| Why note leakage before cleaning? | Cleaning may remove evidence needed for diagnosis | 7.18a |
| What conditions support galvanic corrosion? | Dissimilar conductive materials connected in an electrolyte | 7.18a |
| What must be checked after corrosion removal? | Remaining material and damage against approved limits | 7.18a |
| What is required when damage is outside published repair limits? | Approved repair or disposition data | 7.18b |
| Why can repeated normal loads matter structurally? | They can initiate and grow fatigue damage | 7.18a |
| What material condition is necessary for magnetic-particle inspection? | A suitable ferromagnetic material | 7.18c |
| Which material property is fundamental to conventional eddy-current testing? | Electrical conductivity | 7.18c |
| Why must NDT method selection consider defect orientation? | Sensitivity depends on the relationship between the defect and inspection energy | 7.18c |
| What is a key limitation of borescope images? | Perspective and access can limit measurement and coverage | 7.18c |
| Why retain matched parts together during disassembly? | Their established relationship may be necessary for correct reassembly | 7.18d |
| Why is random component replacement inefficient? | It may not identify the cause and can introduce new faults | 7.18e |
Chapter 19 · Abnormal Events
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What determines a special-inspection requirement? | The event information and applicable manufacturer procedure | 7.19b |
| Why inspect beyond visible lightning marks? | Hidden structural and indirect system damage may exist | 7.19a |
| What may HIRF exposure affect? | Electronic operation and electromagnetic compatibility | 7.19a |
| Why can heavy-landing inspection extend beyond the landing gear? | Loads are transmitted into connected aircraft structure | 7.19b |
| What is useful when assessing a flight-load event? | Crew reports and relevant recorded parameters | 7.19b |
| What is required for release after an abnormal event? | Completion and recording of the required assessment, correction and checks | 7.19b |
Chapter 20 · Maintenance Procedures
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What does maintenance planning establish? | Required work, due status and resources within applicable limits | 7.20 |
| What must be evaluated when embodying a modification? | Approved data, effectivity and affected configuration/records | 7.20 |
| Why are quarantined parts separated from serviceable stock? | Prevent accidental issue before their status is resolved | 7.20 |
| What does authorised maintenance release require? | Completed applicable work, required verification and proper records | 7.20 |
| What is an MEL primarily used for? | Controlled dispatch relief for specified inoperative items | 7.20 |
| How does quality assurance differ from a task inspection? | It evaluates the system and processes that provide confidence in compliance | 7.20 |
| What is essential for a life-limited component? | Verified identity, accumulated life and remaining permitted life | 7.20 |
| What is essential when handing over interrupted maintenance? | Clear identification of completed and outstanding steps | 7.20 |
Chapter 21 · Additive Manufacturing
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What distinguishes additive manufacture? | Material is added to form the intended geometry | 7.14.3 |
| Which process fuses selected regions of a powder layer? | Powder-bed fusion | 7.14.3 |
| Why does build orientation matter? | It can affect properties, finish and support requirements | 7.14.3 |
| What supports production traceability? | Records linking material, process and finished part | 7.14.3 |
| Why can a printed part need internal inspection? | Manufacturing defects may exist below the visible surface | 7.14.3 |
| Does the ability to print a matching shape establish installation eligibility? | No; the applicable approval and eligibility requirements still apply | 7.14.3 |
Chapter 22 · Documentation and Communication
| Item | Remember | Topic |
|---|---|---|
| What makes a maintenance report useful? | Clear identity, work scope, data and required results | 7.21 |
| Why record unsuccessful troubleshooting tests? | They preserve evidence and prevent unnecessary repetition | 7.21 |
| What is especially important in an interrupted-task handover? | The exact restart point and outstanding checks | 7.21 |
| What reduces ambiguity in a maintenance instruction? | Specific identifiers and clear conditions | 7.21 |
| What is the purpose of read-back? | Confirm the critical message was correctly understood | 7.21 |
| What should a record correction preserve? | Traceability through the approved correction process | 7.21 |